However, in a biofilm, the extracellular matrix shields microbes from external threats.

但是，如果生活在生物膜中，胞外基质能够为微生物提供保护。

In the extracellular state, the virus is called a virion and isn't capable of reproducing.

在胞外，病为病粒子，不能复制。

They move water out of their cells so that it freezes in the extracellular space.

它们将水移出胞，这样水就在胞外空间冻结了。

This osmotic gradient pulls water out of cells and into the extracellular space.

渗透压梯度使水流出胞进入胞外间隙。

Then, they start producing an extracellular matrix that holds them together as they divide and reproduce.

其后，胞开始制造胞外基质，胞分裂、繁殖时胞外基质能够保持胞的完整。

It acts as a coupling factor for an enzyme that synthesizes a component of extracellular matrix, collagen.

它作为一种酶的偶联因子，合成胞外基质的一种成分-胶原蛋白。

The jello that gives this confection its structure is like that extracellular matrix in your connective tissue.

这种果冻的结构就像你结缔组织中的胞外基质。

As you get older, the production of these extracellular matrix molecules naturally starts to slow down.

随着你年龄的增长，这些胞外基质分子的再生减缓。

Another important mechanism is hyperosmolarity, which is where there is an increased extracellular osmolarity, relative to the intracellular space.

另一个重要机制是高渗透压，即相对于胞内，胞外渗透压增高。

These substances caused capillaries to become leaky, so fluid leaks out, causing extracellular edema that further increases intra-compartment pressure.

这些物质会使毛血管通透性增高，体液外渗引起胞外水肿，进一步加重了腔室内压力。

Collagen accompanies the extracellular matrix in providing the structure and tensile strength of connective tissues like our ligaments and tendons.

胶原伴随胞外基质，为韧带和肌腱等结缔组织提供结构和抗拉强度。

As the cancer cells move into the epithelium, there's inflammation which brings extracellular fluid out through breaks in the skin.

随着癌胞侵犯上皮，会有炎症导致胞外液从皮肤的破口带出。

Instead, endocrine glands secrete their hormones directly into the surrounding extracellular space.

相反，内分泌腺直接将激素分泌到周围的胞外间隙。

They move water out of their cells so that it freezes in the extracellular space.

Weiss：它们将水从胞中移出，使其在胞外空间冻结。

Diuretics also decrease the extracellular fluid (ECF) volume, and are primarily used to produce a negative extracellular fluid balance.

利尿剂也减少胞外液(ECF)的体积，主要用于产生负向胞外液平衡。

As a result, there are fewer functioning microfibrils in the extracellular matrix, and that means there's less tissue integrity and elasticity.

这会导致胞外基质中正常的微纤丝减少，造成组织完整性和弹性下降。

Impaired kidney function is most prominent; excessive intake or extracellular shift is rarely the only cause.

肾功能受损最为突出；摄入过多或胞外转移很少是唯一原因。

If hypoxia lasts too long, intracellular edema can lead to cell membrane rupture, causing proteins to leak out into the extracellular space.

如果缺氧时间过长，胞内水肿会造成胞膜破裂，导致蛋白质外漏到胞外。

In the body, most calcium is located in bones, only about 1% is in the blood and extracellular fluid.

在体内，大多数钙都位于骨骼中，只有约1％位于血液和胞外液中。

Now, total body potassium can essentially be split into two components— intracellular and extracellular potassium, or potassium inside and outside cells, respectively.

体内钾的总量本质上可以分为两个部分：胞内钾和胞外钾，即分别分布在胞内外的钾。