In addition, clogging in the renal papillae can cause necrosis, which can manifest as hematuria and proteinuria - blood and protein spilling out into the urine.
So when there is glomerular injury, red blood cells sneak into the urine —causing hematuria, which contributes to this being a type of nephritic syndrome.
When damaged, therefore, membrane permeability increases and large molecules are allowed to be filtered into the urine like proteins, called proteinuria, and even red blood cells, called hematuria.
Diagnosis involves a history and physical exam, as well as imaging studies like X-rays, CT scans or ultrasound, and finally urinalysis because it might show microscopic or gross hematuria or blood in the urine.