Energy is particularly concentrated at the steep chemical gradients of hydrothermal vents.

能量特别集中在热液喷口的陡峭化学梯度上。

Listen to this hydrothermal vent deep under the ocean.

听一听来自深海的热液喷口。

This hydrothermal environment is very similar to that in which life first appeared.

这种热液环境与生命最初出现的环境非常相似。

A more likely explosion at Yellowstone would be a hydrothermal eruption.

而黄石火山更有可能发生的是水热喷发。

One place these pioneering organisms may have emerged is at hydrothermal vents, deep underwater.

这些先驱生物出现的其中一个方是深海热泉和深海。

Things like hydrothermal vents or hot springs or volcanic settings.

比如热液喷口、温泉或火山环境。

Oceanographer, Alex Rogers, joined an expedition which discovered a hydrothermal vent in the ocean near Antarctica.

海洋学家亚历克斯·罗杰斯参加了一个探险队，该探险队在南极洲附近的海域发现了一个深海热泉。

To picture a hydrothermal vent, imagine an underwater volcano.

要想象深海热泉是子，那就想象一下水下火山。

Because those hydrothermal vents underneath that sea might have created a very conducive environment for life.

因为海底的热液喷口可能为生命创造了非常有利的环境。

The fish had been living near an underwater hot spring, known as a hydrothermal vent, in the Mid-Atlantic Ridge.

那条鱼生活在中大西洋海脊的一个水下热泉附近，也就是所谓的深海热液喷口。

There are two kinds of hydrothermal vent: black smokers and white smokers.

黑烟囱和白烟囱。

Add to that any additional salt and minerals that would be expelled from hydrothermal vents or submarine volcanoes.

再加上从海底的热泉或火山排出的许多额外的盐和矿物。

Some of the most impressive deposits grow at hydrothermal vents, which are hot springs at the bottom of the ocean.

一些最令人惊叹的沉积物生长在热液喷口，也就是海底的温泉。

(growling) (creepy music) Number nine are hydrothermal vents.

（咆哮）（令人毛骨悚然的音乐）九号是热液喷口。

In 1977, a group of scientists discovered hydrothermal vents at the bottom of the ocean.

1977 年，一群科学家在海底发现了热液喷口。

This is especially true near hydrothermal vents, where hot seawater mingles with calcium rich basalts.

在热液喷口附近尤其如此，那里的热海水与富含钙的玄武岩混合在一起。

On Earth these are found, among other places, near deep-sea hydrothermal vents.

在球上，这些物质被发现于深海热液喷口附近。

But 100 years after Darwin's letter, deep-sea hydrothermal vents, or hot vents, were discovered in the ocean.

但是在达尔文写信 100 年后，人们在海洋中发现了深海热液喷口或热喷口。

The mining site was an inactive vent meaning that it was no longer spewing out hydrothermal fluid.

采矿现场是一个不活跃的喷口，这意味着它不再喷出热液。

Hydrothermal vents nourish millions of microscopic organisms, called chemoautotrophic bacteria, which create energy in the absence of sunlight.

热液喷口滋养着数以百万计的微生物，称为化学自养细菌，它们在没有阳光的情况下产生能量。