The ministry for environmental protection had no policymaking powers until 2008.

环境保护部在2008年以前都没有制定政策的权利。

Yet, under the supreme leader, Ali Khamenei, ideology often trumps rational policymaking.

然而，在最高领袖阿里? 哈梅内伊的领导下，意识形态往往胜过理性决策。

The proposal would give Aboriginal Australians and Torres Strait Islanders a voice in policymaking.

该提案将使澳大利亚土著居民和托雷斯海峡岛民在政策制定中拥有发言权。

Well, good point. The Iranian president is not the decider when it comes to policymaking. That's the supreme leader.

这个问题问得好。在政策制定方面，伊朗总统不决定者。最高领袖。

The idiosyncrasies of China's policymaking do not end there.

中国决策的特殊性还不止于此。

But in 2010, it told the IRS its main activities would be public education, influencing legislation and policymaking and research.

但2010年，十字路口GPS（Crossroads GPS）组织告诉美国国税局，其主要动领域将为公共教育，影响立法和政策制定及研究。

The group made the statement at its yearly policymaking meeting.

该小组在其年度决策会议上发表了声。

But its policymaking is also being affected by the trade war.

但其决策也受到贸易战的影响。

But the ambiguities of human-led policymaking are informed by negotiation of trade-offs.

但， 以人为主导的决策的模糊性由权衡取舍的谈判告知的。

Meanwhile, smart policymaking has prevented the country from entering a financial crisis.

与此同时，智的政策制定避免了该国陷入金融危机。

Are you talking about slow policymaking in the UK, the EU, other countries?

你在谈论英国、 欧盟和其他国家的政策制定缓慢吗？

By keeping salient information hidden, these NDAs impede government accountability and public involvement in economic policymaking.

通过保持重要信息的隐藏，这些保密协议阻碍了政府问责和公众参与济政策制定。

In policymaking environments as difficult as Brazil and Russia officials have resisted pressure from politicians to cut rates.

在像巴西和俄罗斯这样困难的决策环境中，官员们抵制了来自政界人士的降息压力。

And for a while there just seemed to be a complete vacuum at the heart of economic policymaking.

有一段时间，济决策的核心似乎完处于真空状态。

Ideology and size are largely to blame. Economic self-sufficiency-the doctrine that informed Indian policymaking for nearly half a century after independence-made co-operating with the neighbours unnecessary.

印度的观念和规模形成这种态度的主要原因。独立后近半个世纪以来，印度制定政策都受“济自给自足”这一信条影响，使得印度不需要与邻国进行合作。

Mr Musk's takeover of Twitter so far has come with lots of drama and erratic policymaking, which briefly spooked large advertisers.

到目前为止，马斯克先生接管 Twitter 时伴随着许多戏剧性和反复无常的决策，这曾短暂地吓坏了大型广告商。

Third, young people are increasingly involved in politics and policymaking, with many advocating for their interests and concerns to be taken seriously.

第三，年轻人越来越多地参与政治和决策，许多人主张认真对待他们的利益和关切。

These simulate how carbon and water cycles change with climate and, in turn, inform broader earth-system and climate models of the type that feed into policymaking.

这些模型模拟了碳循环和水循环如何随气候变化，进一步为更广泛的地系统和气候模型提供信息，从而为政策的制定来提供依据。

But disastrous policymaking has pushed local governments to the brink, and after the rush of reopening the long-term outlook for Chinese growth is lower.

但灾难性的政策制定已将地方政府推向崩溃的边缘，在重新开放热潮之后， 中国济增长的长期前景更加黯淡。

We're not the only people in the industry saying that the industry is being held up by slow policymaking turning into tangible, long-term investable propositions.

我们并不业内唯一表示该行业因政策制定缓慢转变为有形的、长期的可投资建议而受阻的人。