First, phagocytes trigger the immune response by sending macrophages and dendritic cells into the blood.

首先，吞噬细胞通过将巨噬细胞和细胞送入血来触发免疫反应。

Other monocytes differentiate into dendritic cells, the prototypical antigen presenting cell, which roam around in the lymph, blood, and tissue.

其他单核细胞会分化成细胞，是典型抗原呈递细胞；它们会在淋巴、血和组织游走。

In a new experiment, this dendritic cell is given a choice of four paths of different widths.

在一项新实验，该细胞可以选择四种不同宽度路径。

My most recent paper on how a cooperative longterm potentiation can map memory sequences in dendritic branches made the cover of Neuron.

我最近撰写论文 主题是协同性长时程增强 何以找出神经元记忆序列 成功上了《神经元》杂志封面了。

But when a dendritic cell phagocytoses a pathogen for the first time - it's a life-changing, coming of age moment.

但当细胞第一次吞噬病原体时，这会是它改变命运、走向成熟关键时刻。

Macrophages, T-helper cells, and dendritic cells are all involved in the immune response and all have CD4 molecules; therefore they can be targeted by HIV.

巨噬细胞、辅助T细胞和细胞都参与免疫反应，且都有CD4分子，因此它们都是HIV攻击目标。

When dendritic cells are young and immature, they're excellent at phagocytosis, constantly eating large amounts of protein found in the interstitial fluid.

当细胞还幼小且不成熟时，它们极其擅长吞噬作用，经常吞食大量组织蛋白质。

Sometimes, if the infection is spreading, bacteria might find its own way to a lymph node without the help of the dendritic cell.

有时，如果感染扩散开来，没有了细胞消化，细菌可能会自己找到通往淋巴结路。

At this early point, during what we call acute infection, the R5 strain of HIV, which bind to the CCR5 coreceptor will get into macrophages, dendritic cells, and T cells.

早期为急性感染期，与CCR5辅助受体相结合HIVR5嗜性毒株进入巨噬细胞、细胞和T细胞。

In the lymph nodes, dendritic cells continuously sample the lymph and present antigens that they come across to the B cells which are a type of lymphocyte that can make antibodies.

在淋巴结，细胞持续对淋巴取样，呈递逮到抗原给B细胞；B细胞是一类制造抗体淋巴细胞。

The most common co-receptors that HIV uses are the CXCR4 co-receptor, which is found mainly on T-cells, or the CCR5 co-receptor which is found on T-cells, macrophages, monocytes, and dendritic cells.

最常见辅助受体包括主要分布在T细胞上CXCR4辅助受体和分布于T细胞、巨噬细胞、单核细胞和细胞CCR5辅助受体。

It can get picked up by a dendritic cell which is a type of immune cell that gobbles up foreign particles and presents it to a nearby lymphocyte called a T cell.

一种叫作细胞免疫介导细胞将识别和吞噬吸入花粉，进而传递给邻近一组淋巴细胞：T细胞。

Within days, the measles virus spreads through local tissue and is picked up by dendritic cells and alveolar macrophages, and carried from that local tissue in the lungs to the local lymph nodes.

几天之内，麻疹病毒通过局部组织传播，被细胞和肺泡巨噬细胞捕获，并从肺部局部组织被带到局部淋巴结。

Next up are the monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells, which are phagocytic cells - they gobble up pathogens, present antigens, and release cytokines - tiny molecules that help attract other immune cells to the area.

接着是单核细胞、巨噬细胞和细胞，三者都是吞噬细胞；它们大口吃病原体，呈递抗原，并释放细胞因子（即帮助号召其他免疫细胞救兵来到局部微小分子）。

The dendritic cell, which is part of the innate immune system, bridges the innate and adaptive immune responses when it presents the antigen to the T cell - part of the adaptive immune system.

细胞，作为固有免疫系统一部分；在呈递抗原给T细胞时，将固有和适应性免疫反应连接了起来（是适应性免疫一部分）。

Dendritic cells will then move through the lymph to the nearest lymph node and they'll perform antigen presentation which is where they present those amino acid chains - which are antigens - to T cells.

接着，细胞会通过淋巴转移到最近淋巴结进行抗原呈递，也就是它们把那些氨基酸链（即抗原）呈递给T细胞地方。

A naive T cell can be activated or primed to allow it to turn into a mature T cell by any of the antigen presenting cells, but most often it's done by a dendritic cell.

一个初始T细胞可以被激活或活化，让它能转变为一个成熟T细胞；这可以通过任意抗原呈递细胞来实现，但通常是通过细胞完成。

So in addition to keratinocytes, fibroblasts, and dendritic cells have also been found to be permissive to Zika virus, meaning they have some sort of receptor or attachment site that basically says, here you go man, come on in.

因此，除了角质形成细胞，成纤维细胞和细胞也容易感染寨卡病毒，因为在这些细胞存在某种受体或附着位点，就像在说，“来啊，进来坐”。

Unfiltered lymph fluid drains into a nearby lymph node where any pathogen or piece of pathogen is quickly detected by a dendritic cell - a type of antigen-presenting cell that serves up pieces of anything in destroys to other immune cells.

未经过滤淋巴注入邻近淋巴结，任何病原体或者它一部分被细胞迅速发现；细胞是一类抗原呈递细胞，将任何有侵袭性物质碎片呈递给其他免疫细胞。

What can happen with asthma is allergens from environmental triggers, like cigarette smoke, are picked up by dendritic cells which present them to a Th2 cell which produce cytokines like IL-4 and IL-5 leading to a number of features of asthma.

哮喘是由环境引发过敏原引起，比如香烟烟雾，是由细胞提呈到Th2细胞，产生细胞因子IL-4和IL-5，从而导致哮喘许多特征。