Medical conditions that increase the risk for GERD include hiatal hernia, scleroderma, and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.

增加GERD风险的疾包括食管裂孔、硬皮林格-埃利森综合征（素瘤）。

In hiatal hernia, the stomach and lower part of the esophagus slide up through the esophageal hiatus, which is an orifice in the diaphragm, and this decreases the pressure of the lower esophageal sphincter.

在食管裂孔，和食管下部通过食管裂孔（这是膈膜的一个孔）向上滑动（进入胸腔），这降低了食管下括约肌的压力。