The kinked configuration is called the" cis isomer" and the straight one is the trans isomer.

结状排列成为“顺异构体”线状排列，成为“反异构体”。

But pentane, C5H12, has 3 possible isomers and C6H14, known as hexane, has 5.

但是戊 C5H12 有 3 种可能异构体， 而称为己 C6H14 有 5 种。

These different structures for compounds that have the same molecular formula are called isomers.

具有相同分子合物这些不同结构称为异构体。

So the number of atoms is butane only allows for 2 isomers, n-butane and isobutane.

所原子数是只允许2种异构体， 正和异。

But if the parts are different, it's possible to have two totally different isomers of the same compound.

但是，如果部分不同，则同一合物可能有两种完全不同异构体。

Thus, no isomers with alkynes. Phew. OK I'm done describing for the moment.

因此，与炔烃没有异构体。呸。好，我暂时完成描述。

You would have to break the pi bond, and thus, the entire molecule to rotate between isomers.

你必须打破 pi 键，因此，整个分子才能在异构体之间旋转。

But looking at this table of the number of possible isomers you could see that that escalated quickly.

但是查看这张可能异构体数量表， 您会发现它迅速增加。

Well we know that they're unsaturated alkenes because saturated fats don't have double bonds, and thus, can't have cis- and trans- isomers.

我们知道它们是不饱和烯烃， 因为饱和脂肪没有双键，因此不会有顺和反异构体。

They're not structural isomers like n-butane and i-butane, instead, they're what we call cis-trans isomers.

它们不是像正和正那样结构异构体，相反，它们就是我们所说顺反异构体。

They call that isobutane and it is an isomer of butane, but according to these all important rules of nomenclature, it's not actually any sort of butane at all.

他们称其为异， 它是异构体，但根据所有重要命名规则， 它实际上根本不是。

Evolution has provided a goodly range of these in the form of enzymes, which are large, complicated and sometimes temperamental protein molecules, but which have the advantage that they can create pure versions of what are known as optical isomers.

进酶形提供了大量这类物质，这些酶是大型、复杂、有时还会变无常蛋白质分子，但它们优点是可产生被称为光学异构体纯净版本。