And when your body breaks down fats without much glucose around, it produces compounds called ketone bodies.

当你身体分解没有太多葡萄糖时，它会产生一种叫做酮体化合物。

Some research suggest that our bodies can adapt to other energy sources like ketone bodies and be less reliant on carbs.

一些研究表明，们身体可以适应其他能量来源，如酮体，减少对碳水化合物依赖。

So during prolonged fasting or any kind of food deprivation situations, our body produces ketone bodies and these have been proposed to suppress appetite.

在长时间禁食或任何食物匮乏情况下，们身体会产生酮体，这被认为是抑制食欲。

As this 1986 paper reveals, " ketone bodies could account for as much as 25% of the neonate's basal energy requirements in the first several days of life."

正如这篇 1986 年论文所揭示，“新生儿最初几天基本能量需求中，酮体可能占到 25%。”

These ketone bodies are important because they can be used by cells for energy, but they also increase the acidity of the blood, which is why it's called keto-acid-osis.

这些酮体很重要，可被细胞用来获取能量，但他们也会增酸性，所以才叫作酮症酸中毒。

Interestingly, both ketone bodies break down into acetone and escape as a gas by getting breathed out the lungs which gives a sweet fruity smell to a person's breath.

有趣是，两种酮体都会分解成丙酮，之后以气体形态随着肺部呼吸排出，会使患者口气有一种水果似甜味。

Beta hydroxybutyric acid on the other hand, even though it's still one of the ketone bodies, isn't technically a ketoacid since its ketone group has been reduced to a hydroxyl group.

而β-羟基丁酸虽说也是酮体，但却不是酮酸，因为它酮基团被还原成了羟基。

Some of that acetone leaves your body when you exhale, and some people with too many ketone bodies may even have a " fruity" smell to their breath from breathing out so much acetone.

当你呼气时，一些丙酮会离开你身体，一些酮体过多人甚至会因为呼出过多丙酮而带有一种“水果味”。

After that happens, the liver turns the fatty acids into ketone bodies, like acetoacetic acid and beta hydroxybutyric acid; acetoacetic acid is a ketoacid because it has a ketone group and a carboxylic acid group.

此后，肝把酸转化成酮体，比如乙酰乙酸、β-羟基丁酸；乙酰乙酸是一种酮酸，因为它有酮基团和羧酸基团。

Because there is no more glucose and the fats are too large to cross the blood-brain barrier, your brain changes modes and begins to use ketone bodies for energy, which are short-chain derivatives of fatty acids.

因为没有更多葡萄糖，又太大而不能通过脑屏障，你大脑就会改变模式，开始使用酮体作为能量，酮体是酸短链衍生物。

Some of that acetone leaves your body when you exhale, and people with too many ketone bodies may even have a " fruity" smell to their breath from breathing out so much acetone.

当你呼气时， 一些丙酮会离开你身体，酮体过多人甚至可能会因为呼出过多丙酮而闻到“水果味” 气味。