I mean, they transmit leptospirosis and hantavirus.

我是说，他们可能会 传染细螺或是汉他毒。

OK, symptoms of leptospirosis depend on the phase of the infection.

现在说临床症状，主要取决于感染的阶段。

Rats can spread diseases like leptospirosis, which can lead to kidney and liver failure.

老鼠可能会传播钩端螺等疾，这种疾可能会导致肾和肝脏衰竭。

Another way to diagnose leptospirosis is by identifying the bacteria in biological samples.

另一种诊断方法是检测生物样本存在的菌。

Leptospira causes a zoonotic infection called leptospirosis, which has two phases.

钩端螺会导致一种名为钩端螺的人畜共通传染，其有两个阶段。

Leptospirosis is treated with penicillin G, and doxycycline can be used as an alternative.

钩端螺的治疗主要施用抗生素苄青霉素，多西环素可作为备选。

The Leptospira genus has over 20 species, and the most common species that causes leptospirosis in humans is Leptospira interrogans.

钩端螺有超过20种亚，其问号钩端螺（Leptospira interrogans）是导致人类钩端螺的最常见致菌。

Risk factors for leptospirosis include some professions, like people who work in rice-paddies, sugarcane plantations, or people who swim or wade in waters contaminated by animal urines.

导致钩端螺的危险因素包括一些需在稻田、甘蔗种植区工作的职业或有被动物尿液污染的水源游玩史。

We were working on pan-coronavirus vaccines, sickle cell anemia gene therapy, malaria with people across the U.S. and in Africa, leptospirosis with people in southeast Asia, vaccines for peanut allergies.

我们在研究泛冠状毒疫苗，镰状细胞性贫血基因疗法，美国和非洲的疟疾，东南亚的钩端螺，花生过敏疫苗。

For example, Leptospira interrogans, the most common cause of leptospirosis, has adhesins, which are proteins that help this bacteria attach to the host's cells - usually epithelium, monocytes, and macrophages.

举个例子，最常见的致菌问号钩端螺的粘附素可以帮助细菌粘附在宿主细胞表面，通常是表皮细胞、单核细胞以及巨噬细胞的表面。

So Leptospira is a genus of spiral bacteria known to cause leptospirosis, a zoonotic infection, meaning it can be transmitted from animals such as rodents, to humans; especially people who work in sewers and waters contaminated by these animals' urine.

所以，钩端螺是一种可导致钩端螺的螺形细菌种；钩端螺是一种人畜共通传染，即可以从诸如啮齿类动物传染至人类的疾，特别是在排水系统、或被动物尿液污染的水源区工作的人群更易感染。