Ultimately the inflammation damages the myelin or the neurons themselves in the spinal cord.

最终造成的炎症反应会损伤脊髓神经细胞或其髓鞘。

The problems included a decrease in the production of myelin.

包括髓磷脂产量的下降。

They can travel more quickly if the nerve is covered in myelin.

如果神经被髓鞘覆盖，它们可以移动。

Many research teams are studying how to repair myelin in MS patients.

很多试验团队正在研究如何修复MS患者的髓磷脂。

This myelin is produced by oligodendrocytes, which are a group of cells that support neurons.

髓鞘由支持神经元的少突胶质细胞形成。

As you repeat an action, a fatty tissue called myelin covers the axons of your neurons.

当你重复一个动作时，一种叫髓鞘的脂肪组织覆盖在神经元的轴突上。

For example, some nociceptors are attached to fibers with slightly more conductive, fatty myelin than others.

例如，有伤害感受器依附于神经纤维，就会具有传导作用，髓磷脂所富含的脂肪也多一。

Myelin acts like insulation, just like on an electrical wire that helps the impulse travel more quickly.

髓鞘就像绝缘体，就像电一样，帮助脉冲传播。

Myelin speeds up nerve impulses, allowing actions associated with certain neurons to be performed with much less mental energy.

髓磷脂加了神经冲动的速度，使得与某神经元相关的动作可以用少的精神能量来完成。

The axons are intermittently wrapped in a fatty substance called myelin.

轴突的某位置可有髓鞘在外包绕。

Without myelin this signal propagation is very slow and inefficient.

如果没有髓鞘，信号传播会非常缓慢且低效。

In particular, as you reach old age, the myelin sheath covering your axons wears down, and other neuronal structures degrade.

特别是，当你年纪大了以后，包裹轴突的髓鞘质会发生磨损，其它的神经元结构也会衰退。

Without oligodendrocytes, there's no myelin to cover the neurons, and this leaves behind areas of scar tissue, also called plaques or sclera.

没了少突胶质细胞，也就没有保护神经元的髓鞘，还会留下斑痕组织（硬化斑）。

Schwannian stroma is a connective tissue from non-neuronal cells that forms myelin, which insulates the axons of the mature neurons.

Schwannian基质是一种来源于非神经元细胞的结缔组织，可形成髓鞘，使成熟神经元的轴突绝缘。

Neural fibers are wrapped in a fatty substance called myelin.

神经纤维包裹在一种叫髓磷脂的脂肪物质中。

Surrounding the axon is a myelin sheath, which is actually just insulation.

轴突周围是髓鞘，实际上只是绝缘层。

Some neural fibers have as many as 100 layers of myelin.

一神经纤维有多达 100 层的髓磷脂。

Together these genetic and environmental influences might lead to the body not killing off immune cells that target myelin.

基因和环境因素的共同影响可能导致机体不能清除掉那攻击髓鞘的免疫细胞。

Usually that size difference comes from a fatty substance called myelin that speeds up the conduction of electric signals.

通常这种大小差异来自一种叫髓磷脂的脂肪物质，它可以加速电信号的传导。

Typically, individuals slowly recover over several months as there's regrowth of the myelin on peripheral nerves.

通常，随着周围神经髓鞘的再生，患者会在几个月后缓慢恢复。