Specimens were collected in accordance with CDC guidance and included serum and nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swab specimens.

案例定义。 标本是根据 CDC 指南收集， 包括血清、咽口咽拭子标本。

The initial respiratory specimens (nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs) obtained from this patient on day 4 of his illness were positive for 2019-nCoV (Table 2).

该患者发病第 4 天采集初始呼吸道标本（咽口咽拭子）呈 2019-nCoV 阳性（表 2）。

Nucleic acid was extracted from rRT-PCR–positive specimens (oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal) and used for whole-genome sequencing on both Sanger and next-generation sequencing platforms (Illumina and MinIon).

从 rRT-PCR 阳性标本（口咽咽）中提取核酸， 并用 Sanger 下一代测序平台（Illumina MinIon）上进行全基因组测序。

The full genome sequences from oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal specimens were identical to one another and were nearly identical to other available 2019-nCoV sequences.

来自口咽咽标本全基因组序列彼此相同， 并且与其他可用 2019-nCoV 序列几乎相同。

Specimens for repeat 2019-nCoV testing were collected on illness days 7, 11, and 12 and included nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs, serum, and urine and stool samples.

发病第 7 天、第 11 天第 12 天收集用重复 2019-nCoV 检测标本， 包括咽口咽拭子、血清以及尿液粪便样本。

Nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swab specimens were collected with synthetic fiber swabs; each swab was inserted into a separate sterile tube containing 2 to 3 ml of viral transport medium.

咽口咽拭子标本采用合成纤维拭子采集； 每个拭子被插入一个单独无菌试管中， 试管中装有 2 至 3 毫升病毒转运培养基。

Both upper respiratory specimens obtained on illness day 7 remained positive for 2019-nCoV, including persistent high levels in a nasopharyngeal swab specimen (Ct values, 23 to 24).

患病第 7 天获得两份上呼吸道标本仍呈 2019-nCoV 阳性， 包括咽拭子标本中持续高水平（Ct 值， 23 至 24）。

A second episode of loose stool was reported overnight; a sample of this stool was collected for rRT-PCR testing, along with additional respiratory specimens (nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal) and serum.

隔夜报告了第二次稀便； 收集了该粪便样本用 rRT-PCR 检测， 以及其他呼吸道标本（咽口咽）血清。

To perform RT-PCR, some of the extracted sample from the nasopharyngeal swab is added to a solution containing an enzyme called reverse transcriptase, nucleotides and primers that are complimentary to a specific SARS-CoV-2 target sequence.

RT-PCR操作步骤是：首先将咽拭子部分样本加入到含有逆转录酶、核苷酸引物溶液中，其中引物将与SARS-CoV-2病毒目标序列互补。

To do that, you would collect a nasopharyngeal swab which is where you take a long q-tip with only one soft end and twirl it a few times inside a nostril to get enough secretions on it to be analyzed.

医护人员首先需要向被采样对象采集咽拭子，即用一根较长无菌棉签探入到腔，并腔内部停留几秒转动二三圈，取样用作分析。

The low cycle threshold (Ct) values (18 to 20 in nasopharyngeal specimens and 21 to 22 in oropharyngeal specimens) on illness day 4 suggest high levels of virus in these specimens, despite the patient's initial mild symptom presentation.

发病第 4 天低循环阈值 (Ct) 值（咽标本为 18 至 20， 口咽标本为 21 至 22）表明这些标本中病毒水平很高， 尽管患者最初症状很轻微。