There are more phages on earth than every other organism combined, including bacteria.

地球上所有的有机加起来也没有的数量多，包括细。

A phage is a virus; not quite alive, not quite dead.

是一种病毒；然而它并完全是活的，也完全是死的。

In the West, there have been successful phage trials for foot ulcers.

在西方，已经有成功的试验治疗足溃疡。

But phages also have major flaws.

然而，有一个最大的缺点。

Like any other virus, phages need a host to survive and reproduce.

像所有其他的病毒一样，需要宿主来生存繁殖。

This happens when phages, rather than killing their hosts immediately, integrate their genomes into those of their prey.

是立即杀死宿主，而是将自己的基因组整合到猎物的基因组中时，就会发生这种情况。

Phages, viruses that attack bacteria but don't affect humans, are one promising new avenue to combat bacterial infections.

，一种能攻击细染人的病毒，是一个很有前景的对抗细染的新途径。

Several clinical trials of phage therapy have already been successfully conducted in Poland, the nation of Georgia and Bangladesh.

波兰、格鲁吉亚和孟加拉国已经成功地进行了若干治疗的临床试验。

That helps the phages, because their bacterial prey also accumulate in mucus, which is thus a rich hunting ground.

这有助于，因为细的侵染过程也是积聚在粘液中，这就为提供了大量的寄生宿主。

Which might make you nervous since phages are responsible for the majority of deaths on earth but you're lucky.

可能世界上大部分死亡都是由导致的，这一事实会让你到紧张，然而你很幸运。

Usually, a phage has chosen one specific bacteria and maybe some of its very close relatives.

通常情况下，一个只寄生某一种细以及一些它们的近亲。

And phages are great at infecting bacteria.

非常擅长染细。

Barr says the interaction between mucus and phage is constant. And there are health benefits when you have a cold.

巴尔说粘液和之间的互动是一直进行的，人患上冒时会产生健康益处。

The side touching the food is coated with phage E2, a virus engineered to stick only to Salmonella typhimurium bacteria.

触摸食物的一边涂有E2, 这是一种被研发成只会依附鼠伤寒沙门氏的病毒。

Smith's method is known as “phage display.”

史密斯的方法被称为“展示”。

New phages are released and begin the cycle anew.

新的就此诞生，并重复上述的循环。

In a weird motion, the phage squeezes its tail and injects its genetic information.

用一种奇怪的动作，将它的遗传信息通过它的尾巴挤进细中。

They only stop when the bacteria is filled up with brand-new phages.

直到整个细充满了新造好的。

Because after all, phages hunt bacteria.

因为毕竟， 会捕食细。

Winter used Smith's phage display method to create new kinds of antibodies.

温特使用史密斯的展示方法创造了新型抗。