Finally, there are some rare stones made of xanthine, which, just like uric acid, is a byproduct of purine breakdown.

最后，还有呤形成罕见结石，同尿酸一样，是呤分解副产物。

Since uric acid is a breakdown product of purines, a very common reason for high levels of uric acid is consuming lots of purines.

于尿酸是呤分解产物，故高尿酸是大量摄入呤结果。

To understand where the uric acid comes from, let's start with purines, which, together with pyrimidines, are nature's most common nitrogen-containing heterocycles.

为了说明尿酸从何而来，让我们先来了解呤和嘧啶，它们都是自然界中最常见含氮杂环。

Xanthine oxidase is an enzyme involved in the breakdown of purines to uric acid, so inhibiting this enzyme results in less uric acid production.

呤负责分解呤为尿酸，所以抑制这个，就可以减少尿酸生成。

These crystals can form as a result of increased consumption of purines, like from consuming purine-rich foods like shellfish, anchovies, red meat or organ meat.

这种结晶成因有呤摄入过多，如摄入富含呤食物，像是贝壳、沙丁鱼、红肉或动物内脏。

Also, though, they can result from increased production of purines, for example high-fructose corn syrup containing beverages could contribute to the formation of uric acid by increasing purine synthesis.

但同时，这也可能是于呤生成过多，如高果糖饮食、玉米糖浆饮料会促进呤合成，从而生成尿酸。