32. How? Well, they have tough sort of ... uh ...underground stems called rhizomes.

这是怎么做到呢？长出一种叫做茎水下根系。

Real wasabi is made from the ground rhizomes (aka the stems) of the Brassicaceae mustard plant.

真正芥末是由十字花科芥菜植物磨碎根茎（又名茎）制成。

33. Rhizomes from one plant grow through the muddy soil and interlock with those of other nearby plants.

一株草茎穿透、包围覆盖泥土，并且和其他植株茎铰链在一起。

36. So in addition to the interlocking underground rhizomes, they have yet another adaptation and it's, well, we're back to reverse osmosis again.

所以，除了相互铰链，有另一种进化… 嗯，我是回到反渗透吧！

By the way, when you picked this, you're not killing a plant because it's a network of underground stems called rhizomes that give rise to the leaves.

顺便说一下，当你摘这个时候，你并没有杀死一株植物，因为是一个下茎网，叫做根茎，产生叶子。

Now we know that seagrasses are beautiful swans -- which actually eat seagrass leaves and rhizomes -- and healthy seagrass meadows are harbingers of a healthy ocean.

现在我知道海草是美丽天鹅——实际上吃海草叶子和根茎——而健康海草草甸是健康海洋预兆。

Their rhizomes are set in black mould accumulated in hollows of the metamorphic slates beside the pools, where they are well watered without being subjected to flood action.

根茎长在黑色霉菌中，这些霉菌堆积在水池旁边变质板岩空洞中，在那里得到了很好浇水，没有受到洪水影响。

He thought this could've been a rhizome – a special type of root that grows sideways, which some modern plants use to reproduce, sort of like the creeping vines that come out of a strawberry plant.

他认为这可能是根茎——一种特殊类型横向生长根，一些现代植物用来繁殖，有点像从草莓植物中长出来匍匐藤蔓。

Seagrasses grow by extending a rhizome -- that is a subterranean stem that elongates at rates of about one centimeter to about five meters per year, and they branch and extend along the seafloor, forming large clones.

海草通过根茎生长而生长——根茎是一种下茎，以每年约一厘米至约五米速度伸长，分并沿着海底延伸，形成大型克隆。